Izici ze-ceramic insulators
Ngokwezici zohlelo lokusebenza, amashubhu e-ceramic kagesi angahlukaniswa: Ama-insulators emigqa, ama-insulators eziteshini zamandla noma izinto zikagesi;Ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-insulator yasendlini kanye ne-insulator yangaphandle ngokuya ngendawo yesicelo;I-Ceramic, ubumba lwemvelo njengempahla eluhlaza, ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezixubekile, ucezu lokusebenza I-ceramics evamile isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, ukukhucululwa kwendle, izinto zikagesi (i-insulation), imboni yamakhemikhali nezitsha zobumba ezikhethekile - ama-capacitor, i-piezoelectric, kazibuthe, i-electro-optic kanye nezitsha zobumba zikagesi ezishisa kakhulu. zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwesimo somkhiqizo, izinga likagesi kanye nemvelo yokusetshenziswa kwezitsha zobumba zikagesi.Ngokusho komumo womkhiqizo, ingahlukaniswa: i-disc suspension insulator, i-pin insulator, i-insulator yenduku, i-insulator engenalutho, njll;Ngokwezinga le-voltage, ingahlukaniswa ngama-voltage aphansi (AC 1000 V nangaphansi, DC 1500 V nangaphansi) ama-insulators nama-high-voltage (AC 1000 V nangaphezulu, DC 1500 V nangaphezulu) ama-insulators.Phakathi kwama-insulators anamandla kagesi aphezulu, kukhona i-ultra-high voltage (AC 330kV no-500 kV, DC 500 kV) kanye ne-ultra-high voltage (AC 750kV kanye no-1000 kV, DC 800 kV).
Uhlobo lwe-ceramics olusebenzayo ukumelana kwalo kushintsha kakhulu ngezinga lokushisa.Ngokwezici zokushisa zokumelana, ihlukaniswe yaba yi-positive temperature coefficient (PTC) Thermal Ceramics kanye ne-negative temperature coefficient (NTC) Thermal Ceramics.
I-resistivity ye-Thermal Ceramics ene-coefficient yezinga lokushisa elihle iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa.Lesi sici sidingwa yizakhiwo zikagesi zokusanhlamvu kanye nemingcele yokusanhlamvu esakhiweni se-ceramics.I-ceramics kuphela enezinhlamvu ze-semiconducted ngokugcwele kanye nokufakwa okudingekile emingceleni yezinhlamvu ezingaba nalesi sici.Amaceramic e-thermosensitive e-thermosensitive asetshenziswa ngokuvamile yi-semiconducting ceramics ye-BaTiO equkethe ukungcola okusekelayo nezinto zokusebenza endaweni encishisiwe.Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza uhlobo lwamandla oluguquguqukayo oluguquguqukayo lwe-thermosensitive ceramic resistors, imikhawulo yamanje, njll.
Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwe-coefficient ye-thermosensitive ceramics ikhuphuka kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa.Iningi lalawa ma-ceramics yizixazululo eziqinile ze-metal oxide ezinesakhiwo somgogodla, okungukuthi, ama-oxide amaningi aqukethe insimbi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yezinguquko (njenge-Mn, Cu, Ni, Fe, njll.).Ifomula yamakhemikhali evamile i-AB2O4, futhi indlela yayo yokusingatha iyahlukahluka kuye ngokubunjwa, ukwakheka kanye nemodi ye-semiconductor.Izitsha zobumba ezishisayo ezishisayo ezinegative coefficient zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukaleni izinga lokushisa kanye nesinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ama-ceramics ashisayo okuthi ukumelana kwawo kushintsha ngokuhambisana nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa, kanye ne-Thermal Ceramics okuphikiswa kwayo kushintsha futhi ekushiseni okuthile okubalulekile.Lesi sakamuva sisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amadivaysi okuphakela amandla, ngakho-ke kubizwa nge-Power supply Thermal Ceramics.Ngokwebanga lokushisa, ama-ceramics ashisayo ahlukaniswe izinga lokushisa eliphansi (4 ~ 20K, 20 ~ 80K, 77 ~ 300K, njll.), izinga lokushisa eliphakathi (owaziwa nangokuthi ukujwayelekile, - 60 ~ 300 ℃) kanye nokushisa okuphezulu (300 ~ 1000℃).
I-thermistor ye-coefficient yokushisa enhle;I-ceramics ye-semiconductor;I-ceramics ye-Ferroelectric;ukuthuthukiswa
Abstract: ngokwemibiko yezincwadi kanye nolwazi lomsebenzi wokuzijwayeza, ucwaningo lokubunjwa, ukuhlolwa kwenqubo, izici ezibonakalayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezitsha zobumba ze-PTC kuyachazwa.
Johnson power, insizakalo eyodwa yabasebenzisi bamandla emhlabeni.I-Jiangxi Johnson Electric Co., Ltd. ikhiqiza izivikeli zikagesi, izivaleli zobumba, izivaleli zengilazi, izivaleli eziyinhlanganisela, izivaleli zolayini, izivikeli ezilengayo, izivikeli zamaphini, izivaleli zediski, izivikeli ezicindezelayo, izibambisi zombani, izixhumi, ama-transformer, amaswishi okulayisha, iziteshi ezincane zamabhokisi, ama-fuse, izintambo nezinsimbi zamandla.Siyakwamukela ukubuza.
Izici ze-insulator yengilazi
I-insulator yengilazi inezici ezilandelayo:
(1) Amandla aphezulu emishini, 1 ~ 2 izikhathi eziphakeme kunalezo ze-porcelain insulator.
(2) Ukusebenza kuzinzile futhi akulula ukuguga, futhi ukusebenza kukagesi kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-porcelain insulator.
(3) Inqubo yokukhiqiza incane, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mfushane, ulungele ukukhiqizwa ngomshini nokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu.
(4) Ngenxa yokungafihli kwe-insulator yengilazi, kulula ukuthola imifantu emincane kanye nokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kwangaphakathi noma ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphandle.
(5) Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene emzimbeni wengilazi we-insulator, ingilazi izophuka ngokuzenzakalelayo, okubizwa ngokuthi "self breaking".Ngemva kokuba isivikelo siphukile, isando esisele sekepisi lensimbi sisagcina amandla athile omshini futhi silengiswa emgqeni, futhi ulayini usengaqhubeka nokusebenza.Uma umhloli welayini ehlola ulayini, kulula ukuthola isivikelo esiziphukile bese sibuyisela isivikeli esisha ngesikhathi.Ngenxa yokuthi i-insulator yengilazi inezici zokuthi "self breaking", akudingekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela ku-insulator ngesikhathi sokusebenza komugqa, okuletha ukukhululeka okukhulu ekusebenzeni.
(6) Izivikeli zengilazi zinesisindo esincane.Ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza nezinye izizathu, izinga “lokuziphuka ngokwakho” le-insulator yengilazi liphezulu, okuyinto embi ebulalayo yesivikeli seglasi.
Uhlobo lwe-insulator yokumiswa eyinhlanganisela:
uhlobo olujwayelekile, uhlobo olumelana nokungcola, uhlobo lwe-DC, uhlobo oluyindilinga, uhlobo lwe-aerodynamic, uhlobo lwentambo ephansi, yohlelo lokuxhumana olungaphezulu kukaloliwe ofakwe ugesi.
1. Umkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe we-insulator wakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: i-glass fiber epoxy resin pull-out rod, i-silicone isiketi sesambulela serabha kanye ne-hardware.Isiketi sesambulela senjoloba ye-silicone samukela inqubo yokujova ingcindezi ebalulekile, exazulula inkinga eyinhloko ethinta ukuthembeka kwe-insulator eyinhlanganisela, ukuwohloka kukagesi esibonakalayo.Inqubo ye-crimping ethuthuke kakhulu yamukelwa ukuze kuxhunywe induku yokukhipha ingilazi nezinto ezifakwayo, efakwe uhlelo lokuhlonza amaphutha e-acoustic oluzenzakalelayo.Inamandla aphezulu, ukubukeka okuhle, umthamo omncane kanye nesisindo esincane.Izinto ezifakwe uthayela zingavimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala, futhi zingashintshaniswa nama-insulators e-porcelain.Isakhiwo sinokwethenjelwa, asilimazi i-mandrel, futhi singanikeza ukudlala okugcwele emandleni aso mechanical.
2. Ukusebenza kukagesi okuphezulu namandla aphezulu emishini.Amandla aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo wenduku yokudonsa ingilazi ye-epoxy elayishwe ngaphakathi iphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2 kunensimbi evamile futhi izikhathi ezingu-8 ~ 10 ziphakeme kunalezo ze-porcelain yamandla aphezulu, okuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuthembeka kokusebenza okuphephile.
3. Inokumelana okuhle nokungcola, ukumelana okuhle nokungcola kanye nokumelana okunamandla kwe-flashover yokungcola.I-voltage yayo eqinile yokumelana nokungcola kanye ne-voltage yokumelana nokungcola iphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 ~ 2.5 kunama-porcelain insulators anebanga elifanayo le-creepage.Ngaphandle kokuhlanza, ingasebenza ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezingcoliswe kakhulu.
4. Ivolumu encane, isisindo esincane (kuphela i-1 / 6 ~ 1 / 9 ye-porcelain insulator yebanga elifanayo le-voltage), isakhiwo esilula kanye nokuhamba okulula nokufaka.
5. Isiketi sesambulela serabha ye-silicone sinokusebenza okuhle kwe-hydrophobic.Isakhiwo sawo jikelele siqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwangaphakathi akuthintwa umswakama.Asikho isidingo sokuhlolwa nokuhlanza kokuvinjelwa kokufakwa kwe-insulation, okunciphisa umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwansuku zonke.
6. Inokusebenza okuhle kokuvala kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile kukagesi.Impahla yesiketi sesambulela imelana nokuvuza kukagesi futhi imaka kufika ku-tma4 Level 5, inokumelana nokuguga okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala nokumelana nokushisa okuphansi, okungasetshenziswa endaweni engu--40 ℃ ~ - 50 ℃.
7. Inokumelana nomthelela oqinile kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka, i-anti brittleness enhle kanye nokumelana nokukhasa, akulula ukuphuka, ukugoba okuphezulu namandla okugoqa, ingakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela kwangaphakathi, amandla aqinile okuvikela ukuqhuma, futhi ingashintshwa nge-porcelain ne-glass insulators.
8. Izakhiwo zikagesi nezomshini wochungechunge lwezivikeli ezihlanganisiwe zingcono kunalezo ze-porcelain insulator, ezinomkhawulo omkhulu wokuphepha wokusebenza.Iwumkhiqizo obuyekeziwe welayini yamandla.
Izici ze-insulator eyinhlanganisela
1. Inani elinguziro liyazigqabula futhi kulula ukulibona
Unqenqema olulengayo oluyinhlanganisela lunezici zenani eliyiziro lokuziphuka.Uma nje ibonwa phansi noma endizeni enophephela emhlane, asikho isidingo sokukhuphuka esigxotsheni ukuze ibone ucezu nocezu, okunciphisa umfutho wokusebenza kwabasebenzi.
Ngokwethulwa kwemikhiqizo evela emugqeni wokukhiqiza, izinga lonyaka lokuzihlukanisa lingama-0.02-0.04%, elingasindisa izindleko zokugcinwa komugqa.I-arc enhle nokumelana nokudlidliza.Lapho isebenza, indawo entsha yesivikelo sengilazi eshiswe umbani isewumzimba wengilazi obushelelezi futhi inongqimba oluqinile lwangaphakathi lokuvikela ingcindezi.Ngakho-ke, isagcina amandla okufaka okwanele kanye namandla omshini.
Inhlekelele yokugabavula edalwe i-conductor icing yenzeke izikhathi eziningi kulayini ongu-500 kV.Isivikelo esihlanganisiwe sokumiswa ngemuva kokugabavula kwe-conductor asinakho ukuncipha ekusebenzeni kwe-electromechanical.
2. Ukusebenza okuhle kokuzihlanza futhi akulula ukuguga
Ngokusho kokuboniswa okuvamile komnyango wamandla, isivikeli seglasi akulula ukuqoqa ukungcola futhi kulula ukusihlanza, futhi isivikeli seglasi esisebenza emgqeni oseningizimu siyagezwa sihlanzeke ngemva kwemvula.
Yenza isampula njalo ama-insulators engilazi emigqeni ezindaweni ezijwayelekile ukuze ulinganise ukusebenza kwe-electromechanical ngemva kokusebenza.Izinkulungwane zedatha eziqoqiwe zibonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-electromechanical of the glass insulators ngemva kweminyaka engu-35 yokusebenza ngokuyisisekelo kuhambisana nalokho ngesikhathi sokubeletha, futhi akukho mkhuba wokuguga.
Amandla amakhulu makhulu, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi entanjeni kufana, kanti i-dielectric engaguquki yengilazi ingu-7-8, okwenza isivikeli esihlanganisiwe sibe namandla amakhulu kanye nokusabalalisa kwamandla kagesi afanayo entanjeni, okusiza ukunciphisa I-voltage ethwalwa yisivikelo eduze kohlangothi lwekhondatha kanye nohlangothi oluphansi, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka komsakazo, kunciphise ukulahleka kwe-corona futhi kwelule impilo yesevisi yesivikeli sengilazi.Ukuhlinza kukufakazele lokhu
Izici zokusebenza nezimo zesevisi ze-insulator eyinhlanganisela # izici zokusebenza ze-insulator eyinhlanganisela:
1. Ivolumu encane nesisindo esincane, esingaba ngu-1/5 ~ 1/9 we-voltage grade porcelain insulator efanayo, elungele ukuthuthwa nokufakwa.
2. I-insulator ehlanganisiwe inamandla aphezulu emishini, isakhiwo esithembekile, ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye ne-margin enkulu yokusebenza okuphephile, okunikeza isiqinisekiso sokusebenza komugqa nokusebenza okuphephile.
3. I-insulator ehlanganisiwe inokusebenza kukagesi okuphezulu.Isiketi sesambulela senjoloba ye-silicone sine-hydrophobicity enhle nokuhamba, ukumelana okuhle kokungcola kanye nekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokungcoliswa kwe-flashover.Ingasebenza ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezingcoliswe kakhulu ngaphandle kokuhlanza mathupha futhi ingakhululeka ekugcinweni kwenani elingekho.
4. I-insulator ehlanganisiwe inezici zokumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokuguga kokushisa nokumelana nogesi, ukusebenza kahle kokuvala uphawu, futhi ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwayo kwangaphakathi akuthintwa umswakama.
5. I-insulator eyinhlanganisela inokumelana okuhle nokuqina, ukumelana nokushaqeka okuqinile futhi ayikho ingozi yokuphuka kwe-brittle.
6. Ama-insulators ayinhlanganisela ayakwazi ukushintshwa futhi angashintshwa nama-porcelain insulators .
Indlela yokwahlulela ikhwalithi ye-insulator?
a.Izinga lokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation okufanelekile
(1) Ukumelana nokufakwa kwama-insulators asanda kufakwa kuzoba kukhulu noma kulingane no-500m Ω.
(2) Ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulator ngesikhathi sokusebenza kuzoba kukhulu noma kulingane no-300m Ω.
b.Isimiso sokwahlulela sokuwohloka kwesivikelo
(1) Uma ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulator kungaphansi kuka-300m Ω futhi kukhulu kuno-240m Ω, kungase kubhekwe njengesivikelo esinenani eliphansi.
(2) Uma ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulator kungaphansi kuka-240m Ω, kungahlulelwa njengesivikelo esinguziro.
Le ndlela ngokuvamile ayisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukumelana nokufakwa kwenhlanganisela.
I-Suspension insulators isetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lwamandla.Ama-insulators e-FRP asebenza isikhathi eside futhi athandwa yisistimu yamandla.Izinga lama-insulators amisiwe emakethe alilingani.Kukhona ama-insulators amiswe kabusha agaywe kabusha athengiswayo.Kuyadingeka ukuqhathanisa izimpahla lapho uthenga ama-insulators amisiwe.Uma ufuna ukwazi mayelana nokuhlanganiswa kwezivikeli ezimisiwe futhi uthole izithombe zokuxhunywa kwesivikelo esivikelayo, wamukelekile ukuthi uthintane nenkampani yemishini yamandla kaJoson, engumkhiqizi wesivikelo sekhwalithi ephezulu sokulengiswa.Amandla kaJosen ahlinzeka ngezivikeli ezisebenza ngobumba zikagesi ezine-voltage ephezulu, izivikeli ezilengayo ezingu-330kV, izivikeli ezilengayo ezingu-500kV, izihilingi eziyinhlanganisela eziyi-10kV, izivikeli ezimelana nokungcola okulengiswayo, izivikeli ezijwayelekile ezilengayo, izihilingi ze-disk suspension glass glass suspension and suspension.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-18-2022